# Neutral Grounding (Earthing) and Equipment Grounding

- Link: https://studyelectrical.com/2018/02/neutral-grounding-earthing-and.html
- Published: 2018-02-14T12:00:00+00:00
- Author: 

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 The term Grounding
or Earthing refers to the connecting of a conductor to earth. The neutral points
of generator and transformer are deliberately connected to the earth.

In 3 phase a.c. systems the earthing is provided at each voltage level. 

If a neutral point is not available, a special Earthing Transformer is installed
to obtain the neutral point for the purpose of earthing. 

Neutral points of star connected potential transformers and [current transformers](https://studyelectrical.com/2018/09/current-transformer-ct-construction-working-operating-principle-advantages-uses.html)
are earthed. The neutral earthing has several advantages.

### Advantages of Neutral Grounding

The neutral earthing has several advantages.

 * Freedom from persistent arcing grounds. The capacitance between the line and 
   earth gets charged from supply voltage. During the flash-over the capacitance
   get discharged to the earth. The supply voltage charges it again. Such alternate
   charging and discharging produces repeated arcs called **Arcing Grounds**. **
   The neutral grounding eliminates the problem of ‘arcing grounds’. **
 * The neutral grounding **stabilizes the neutral point**. The voltages of healthy
   phases with respect to neutral are stabilized by neutral earthing. 

 * The neutral earthing is useful in** discharging over-voltages due to lightning
   to the earth**.

 * Simplified design of **earth fault protection**. 

 * The grounded systems require relatively lower insulation levels as compared with
   u. grounded systems. 

The modern power systems are 3 phase a.c systems with grounded neutrals.

## Equipment Grounding

The Equipment Grounding refers to the grounding of non-current carrying metal parts
earth. It is used for safety of personnel. 
  If a metal part is grounded, its voltage
with respect earth does not rise to a dangerously high value and the danger of a
severe shock to personnel avoided. 

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