# Automatic Irrigation System Using Arduino

- Link: https://studyelectrical.com/2017/12/automatic-irrigation-system-using.html
- Published: 2017-12-20T08:16:00+00:00

In this project, we will make an automatic irrigation system using [Arduino microcontroller](https://studyelectrical.com/2016/04/an-introduction-to-arduino-for-beginners.html).
Automatic Irrigation system monitors the soil moisture and depending on set points
turns on/off the pump which is connected to the relay. This way you can keep soil
moisture to a set point.
  This system automatically waters the plants when we are
on vacation. As we are setting the soil moisture level, we need not worry about 
too much of watering and the plants end up dying anyway.  The project is designed
to develop an automatic irrigation system which switches the pump motor ON/OFF on
sensing the moisture content of the soil. This project requires Arduino board having
inbuilt ATMega328 microcontroller.

An automated irrigation system will minimize the excess wastage of water and the
labor and other overheads.
  In the field of agriculture, use of a proper method
of irrigation is important. The advantage of using this method is to reduce human
intervention and still ensure proper irrigation.

### Components Required for this Project

You need the following items to complete this project.

 1. Arduino Uno
 2. Soil moisture sensor
 3. 16×2 LCD
 4. 1K, 220E Resistors
 5. 12V Relay
 6. BC548 Transistor
 7. Switches

### Automatic Irrigation System Circuit

 

![Automatic%2BIrrigation%2BSystem%2BUsing%2BArduino](https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-
wMHp7GcYWGA/WjoWBvM216I/AAAAAAAACX0/91ZpSmCU1HcjDFA82HVMo4-iM3fcOW5EwCLcBGAs/s1600/
Automatic%2BIrrigation%2BSystem%2BUsing%2BArduino.PNG)

LCD displays the current moisture level and set point. The setpoint can be adjusted
using push buttons. Connect relay output to the water pump. Put soil moisture tip
in the soil where you want to maintain soil moisture.

### Working of Automatic Irrigation System

The soil moisture sensor senses the moisture present in the soil and gives the output
to Arduino. The output of the sensor will be from 0-1023. The moisture is measured
in percentage, therefore we should map these values to 0-100.

 

Whenever the moisture value is lower than the value we have set inside our code 
as the threshold value, the relay will turn ON and the valve will turn open and 
whenever the moisture value is lower than this threshold value, the relay will relay
will turn OFF and the valve will get closed.

###  Automatic Irrigation System Arduino Code

`/*`

`Automatic Irrigation System`

`*/`

`#include <LiquidCrystal.h>`

`// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins`

`LiquidCrystal lcd (9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4);`

`const int LED_RED =10; //Red LED`

`const int LED_GREEN =11; //Green LED`

`const int RELAY =12; //Lock Relay or motor`

`//Key connections with arduino`

`const int up_key=3;`

`const int down_key=2;`

`int SetPoint =30;`

`//=================================================================`

`// SETUP`

`//=================================================================`

`void setup (){`

`pinMode ( LED_RED , OUTPUT );`

`pinMode ( LED_GREEN , OUTPUT );`

`pinMode ( RELAY , OUTPUT );`

`pinMode ( up_key, INPUT );`

`pinMode ( down_key, INPUT );`

`//Pull up for setpoint keys`

`digitalWrite ( up_key, HIGH );`

`digitalWrite ( down_key, HIGH );`

`// set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:`

`lcd . begin(16, 2);`

`// Print a message to the LCD.`

`lcd . print ("studyelectrical.com");`

`lcd . setCursor (0,1); //Move coursor to second Line`

`lcd . print (" Irrigation ");`

`delay(1000);`

`lcd . setCursor (0,1);`

`lcd . print (" System ");`

`digitalWrite ( LED_GREEN , HIGH ); //Green LED Off`

` digitalWrite ( LED_RED , LOW ); //Red LED On`

`digitalWrite ( RELAY , LOW ); //Turn off Relay`

`delay(2000);`

`}`

`//=================================================================`

`// LOOP`

`//=================================================================`

`void loop (){`

`double WaterLevel = ((100.0/1024.0) * analogRead ( A0 )); //Map it in 0 to 100%`

`lcd . setCursor (0,0);`

`lcd . print ("Water :"); //Do not display entered keys`

`lcd . print ( WaterLevel );`

`lcd . print ("% ");`

`//Get user input for setpoints`

`if( digitalRead ( down_key)== LOW )`

`{`

`if( SetPoint >0) //Not less than zero`

`{`

`SetPoint --;`

`}`

`}`

`if( digitalRead ( up_key)== LOW )`

`{`

`if( SetPoint <99) //Not more than 100%`

`{`

`SetPoint ++;`

`}`

`}`

`//Display Set point on LCD`

`lcd . setCursor (0,1);`

`lcd . print ("Set Point:");`

`lcd . print ( SetPoint );`

`lcd . print ("% ");`

`//Check Temperature is in limit`

`if( WaterLevel > SetPoint )`

`{`

`digitalWrite ( RELAY , LOW ); //Turn off water pump`

`digitalWrite ( LED_RED , HIGH );`

`digitalWrite ( LED_GREEN , LOW ); //Turn on Green LED`

`}`

`else`

`{`

`digitalWrite ( RELAY , HIGH ); //Turn on water pump`

`digitalWrite ( LED_GREEN , HIGH );`

`digitalWrite ( LED_RED , LOW ); //Turn on RED LED`

`}`

`delay(100); //Update at every 100mSeconds`

`}`

`//=================================================================`

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