# Electric Motor Maintenance : Preventive, Predictive and Reactive Maintenance

- Link: https://studyelectrical.com/2014/09/electric-motor-maintenance.html
- Published: 2014-09-12T05:17:00+00:00
- Author: 

Electric Motors need maintenance regularly in order to avoid failure and prolong
their lifespan. Generally, motors and motor parts should be maintained and tested
at least every 6 months. 

Then only it is possible to maintain a motor’s life and efficiency. We are going
to deal with three kinds of maintenance: 

 1. **Preventive maintenance** – to prevent operating problems and make sure that the
    motor continuously provides reliable operation.
 2. **Predictive maintenance**  – to ensure that the right kind of maintenance is carried
    out at the right time.
 3. **Reactive maintenance** –  to repair and replace the motor when a failure occurs.

Factors which affect the life span of the motor due to lack of maintenance is shown
in the figure below,

![Electric motor maintenance](https://studyelectrical.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/
09/Electrical-motor-maintenance.png)

 Electric motor maintenance

## Preventive Maintenance

Preventive maintenance is electric motor maintenance that is done on a regular basis
and can help prevent motors to fail and thus, prevent unexpected production stops.
Some of the most important elements included in preventive maintenance are.

 * **Motor ventilation**
 * **Humidity and condensation**
 * **Loose connections**
 * **Voltage and current imbalance**
 * **Undervoltage and overvoltage**
 * **Bearings, Bearing life, Bearing lubrication**
 * **Lubrication type, Lubrication Intervals**

## Predictive Maintenance

The objective of predictive maintenance of electric motor maintenance is to reduce
maintenance costs by detecting problems at an early stage and deal with them.

Observations of motor temperature, vibrations, etc. are only a few examples of data
that can help predict when the motor needs to be repaired or replaced. Following
are some of the tests that provide the necessary data about the state of the motor.

 * **Bearing considerations**
 * **Insulation considerations**
 * **Ground insulation test**
 * **Cleaning and drying stator windings**
 * **Surge test**
 * **High potential testing – HIPOT**
 * **DC high potential ground test**
 * **AC high potential phase to ground test and phase-to-phase test**
 * **Motor temperature**
 * **Thermographic inspection**

## Reactive Maintenance

When motors fail, it is important to examine the motor and find out where in the
motor it happened and why it happened. Normally, good preventive maintenance can
prevent failure.

If the failure is caused by a weak component or inadequate maintenance, then all
similar equipment has to be examined in order to prevent the same failure from occurring
elsewhere in the motor or in the entire system.

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